5.11 I can recall how nitrogen oxides are formed in car engines

a.       Write the general equation for the combustion of a fuel

Fuel + Oxygen ---> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy 

b.      During combustion the nitrogen in air can react to form what gases?

During combustion the nitrogen combines in the air to form NOx's

c.       What condition is necessary for the formation of these gases?

For these gases to form there needs to be high temperatures to break the triple bonds.

d.      In what common object is this condition found?

In Cars.

e.      Why is this condition needed for nitrogen to react?

There needs to be high temperature to break the diatomic nitrogen molecules because they all have triple covalent bonds, and the heat breaks them up

f.        What are the dangers of the products from this reaction?

The dangers of this product is that it forms NOx's which cause cancer, asthma, lung problems and shortens people life.

5.7 I can describe how the industrial process of fractional distillation separates crude oil into fractions

5.10 I can recall the problems associated with incomplete combustion

Questions

 What are the properties of carbon monoxide?

Carbon Monoxide is a colourless, odorless, and taseless gas and is fatal to the human body.

Explain how carbon monoxide is formed

Carbon monoxide is formed when incomplete combustion occurs meaning there is not enough oxygen in the air to form CO2 but instead it forms CO which is Carbon Monoxide

 Explain why carbon monoxide is poisonous

Carbon Monoxide is poisonous because it  latches on faster and quicker to the hemoglobin than the oxygen molecules this makes your cells suffocate. It slowly takes away your oxygen supply and literally suffocates and kills you in a matter of minutes. The death is caused due to insufficient amounts of oxygen.

5.9 I can describe the trend in boiling point and viscosity of the main fractions

a.       What is the trend in boiling point of the fractions?

There are longer chain molecules and the boiling point increases as you go down the fractions

b.      Define viscosity (source your definition)

Viscosity Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid (en.wiktionary.org/wiki/viscous)

c.       What is the trend in viscosity of the fractions?

As you go down the trend, the substances become more viscous meaning that the become more thick and sticky.

d.      What is the trend in colour of the fractions?

As the boiling points get higher, the colour of their substances get darker and darker. (As shown  in the image above)

e.      Why is crude oil separated into fractions?

Crude oil is separated into different fractions because each of the fractions have a different use.

f.        What process is used to separate crude oil into fractions?

The Process is called Fractional Distilation

g.       What physical property allows this process to work?


The different boiling points

Mnemonic- for Fractional Distillation

Red                  REFINERY GASES

Giant             GASOLINE (PETROL)

King Kong's               KEROSENE

Destroy                   DIESEL

Farms               FUEL

Brilliantly           BITUMEN

5.8 I can recall the names and uses of the main fractions obtained from crude oil

5.6 I can recall what crude oil is made from

1.       Create a blog post titled "5.6 I can recall what crude oil is made from"

2.       Read pg 139 (down to word plastics) Chem 4 You

3.       Complete the following in a table with white text as the answer or as a rollover (no need for a table) and upload to your blog

a. Define the word hydrocarbon….	A hydrocarbon is a compound containing only hydrogen and carbon.
b. What is crude oil made from?	Crude oil is a mixture of many hydrocarbons.
c. Define the word compound….	A compound consists of two atoms or more different elements that are bonded together.
d. Define the word mixture…..	A mixture consists of two atoms or more different elements that are physical put together.

4.       Read pgs 140 & 141 Chem 4 You and add these to the table above

d. How long does crude oil take to make?	It takes millions of years, around 150 million years.
e. Where does the energy in crude oil originally come from?	The dead sea creatures and plants died which is where we get crude oil from, but their energy originally came from the sun.
f. How is crude oil different from coal?	Coal is not a hydrocarbon unlike crude oil. Coal does not only consist of carbon and hydrogen. Coal is made from dead plants and trees buried beneath swamps while oil is made from layers of dead sea creatures and plants.
g. Crude oil, coal and natural gas are collectively known as _________ fuels	Crude oil, coal and natural gas are collectively known as FOSSIL fuels.
h. How is crude oil transported when it is extracted from the ground?	There are two ways of transporting crude oil from the oil field; by pipelines which the refinery needs to be pretty close or by oil tankers,giant shops used to carry oil everywhere around the world